Timeline

The life and career of James McNeill Whistler, 1834–1903

1834

Born July 10 in Lowell, Massachusetts, the first child of George Washington Whistler and Anna McNeill Whistler

1843

Joins his father in St. Petersburg (winter 1842-43), where Nicholas I had engaged him to design a railway; later enrolls at the Imperial Academy of Arts

1851

Enters the U.S. Military Academy at West Point in July; dismissed after three years

1854

Works as a draftsman for the U.S. Coast Survey and learns to etch

1855

Arrives in Paris and studies in the atelier of Charles Gleyre

1858

Publishes Twelve Etchings from Nature, the 'French Set', printed with Auguste Delâtre

1859

Settles in London and begins etching the Thames wharves at Wapping, Rotherhithe and Limehouse

1862

The Royal Academy rejects Symphony in White, No. 1: The White Girl

1863

The White Girl is shown at the Salon des Refusés in Paris

1866

Travels to Valparaíso, Chile; settles in Chelsea and begins the nocturnes

1871

Paints Arrangement in Grey and Black No. 1, the portrait of his mother; the Thames etchings are published as a set by Ellis & Green

1876

Begins decorating Frederick Leyland's dining room as Harmony in Blue and Gold: The Peacock Room (completed 1877)

1877

John Ruskin attacks Nocturne in Black and Gold: The Falling Rocket, shown at the Grosvenor Gallery; Whistler sues for libel

1878

Whistler v. Ruskin is heard November 25-26; Whistler wins one farthing in damages. Begins making lithotints with the London printer Thomas Way (the date of his earliest lithographs is traditionally given as 1878)

1879

Declared bankrupt by May; arrives in Venice in September on a Fine Art Society commission for twelve etchings

1880

Returns to London after some fourteen months; Venice, a Series of Twelve Etchings is published by the Fine Art Society

1885

Delivers the Ten O'Clock lecture in London in February

1886

Elected president of the Society of British Artists on June 1; A Set of Twenty-Six Etchings (the Second Venice Set) is issued

1888

Marries Beatrice Godwin on August 11

1890

Publishes The Gentle Art of Making Enemies

1891

The French state buys Arrangement in Grey and Black No. 1

1896

Death of Beatrice Whistler in London

1898

Becomes first president of the International Society of Sculptors, Painters and Gravers

1903

Dies in London on July 17; buried in Chiswick Old Cemetery

1904

Charles Lang Freer buys the Peacock Room; it has been on permanent view at the Freer Gallery of Art since 1923

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